SearchDeutsch
Sang-Chul Yoo
Photo: ha
Submit a photo

South KoreaCentre Midfielder

Sang-Chul Yoo

유상철

  • Date of birth:
  • Place of birth: Seoul, South Korea
  • Height: 1.84 m
  • Died
  • Baconbauer number 3
All positions:Positions
  • Midfielder
  • Attacking Midfielder
Caps
122
110 starts · 12 as sub
Goals
18
0.15 per game
Assists
0
0.00 per game
All-time · South Korea
#5
in caps · #15 in goals
Cards
6
6 yellow · 0 second yellow · 0 red
Debut
11 Sept 1994
vs Ukraine, aged 22

National Teams · South Korea

Caps and goals per year
YearCapsStartsAs subGoalsNon-FIFA MatchesNon-FIFA GoalsCaps and goals per year
200555000
200455010
200399010
20021614210
2001880311
2000117400
199922000
19982420431
19972120170
199654110
199577001
199499010
Total122110121831

All international matches

  1. World Cup 2006 · Group 1 · Pakhtakor Markaziy StadiumAvs.UzbekistanOwn contribution: Startedoff 89'Match report: Uzbekistan vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  2. World Cup 2006 · Group 1 · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.UzbekistanOwn contribution: StartedMatch report: South Korea vs. Uzbekistan 2–1Win
  3. World Cup 2006 · Group 1 · Prince Mohamed bin Fahd StadiumAvs.Saudi ArabiaOwn contribution: Startedoff 70'Match report: Saudi Arabia vs. South Korea 2–0Defeat
  4. Friendly · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumHvs.Burkina FasoOwn contribution: StartedMatch report: South Korea vs. Burkina Faso 1–0Win
  5. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.EgyptOwn contribution: Startedoff 46'Match report: South Korea vs. Egypt 0–1Defeat
  6. World Cup 2006 · Group 7 · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.MaldivesMatch report: South Korea vs. Maldives 2–0Win
  7. World Cup 2006 · Group 7 · Beirut Municipal StadiumAvs.LebanonMatch report: Lebanon vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  8. World Cup 2006 · Group 7 · Daejeon World Cup StadiumHvs.VietnamMatch report: South Korea vs. Vietnam 2–0Win
  9. Friendly · Daegu StadiumHvs.TurkeyOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Turkey 2–1Win
  10. Friendly · Incheon Munhak StadiumHvs.ParaguayMatch report: South Korea vs. Paraguay 0–0Draw
  11. East Asian Championship 2003 · Group stage · International Stadium YokohamaAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 0–0Draw
  12. East Asian Championship 2003 · Group stage · Saitama Stadium 2002Hvs.ChinaOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. China 1–0Win
  13. East Asian Championship 2003 · Group stage · Japan National StadiumHvs.Hong KongMatch report: South Korea vs. Hong Kong 3–1Win
  14. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.BulgariaMatch report: South Korea vs. Bulgaria 0–1Defeat
  15. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.ArgentinaMatch report: South Korea vs. Argentina 0–1Defeat
  16. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.UruguayMatch report: South Korea vs. Uruguay 0–2Defeat
  17. Friendly · Japan National StadiumAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 0–1Win
  18. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.JapanMatch report: South Korea vs. Japan 0–1Defeat
  19. Friendly · Busan Asiad Main StadiumHvs.ColombiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Colombia 0–0Draw
  20. Friendly · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.BrazilMatch report: South Korea vs. Brazil 2–3Defeat
  21. World Cup 2002 · Third-place match · Daegu StadiumHvs.TurkeyMatch report: South Korea vs. Turkey 2–3Defeat
  22. World Cup 2002 · Semi-final · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.GermanyMatch report: South Korea vs. Germany 0–1Defeat
  23. World Cup 2002 · Quarter-final · Gwangju World Cup StadiumHvs.SpainOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: South Korea vs. Spain 0–05–3 pensWin
  24. World Cup 2002 · Round of 16 · Daejeon World Cup StadiumHvs.ItalyMatch report: South Korea vs. Italy 2–1a.e.t.Win
  25. World Cup 2002 · Group D · Incheon Munhak StadiumHvs.PortugalMatch report: South Korea vs. Portugal 1–0Win
  26. World Cup 2002 · Group D · Daegu StadiumHvs.USAMatch report: South Korea vs. USA 1–1Draw
  27. World Cup 2002 · Group D · Busan Asiad Main StadiumHvs.PolandOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Poland 2–0Win
  28. Friendly · Suwon World Cup StadiumHvs.FranceMatch report: South Korea vs. France 2–3Defeat
  29. Friendly · Jeju World Cup StadiumHvs.EnglandMatch report: South Korea vs. England 1–1Draw
  30. Friendly · Busan Asiad Main StadiumHvs.ScotlandMatch report: South Korea vs. Scotland 4–1Win
  31. Friendly · Incheon Munhak StadiumHvs.ChinaMatch report: South Korea vs. China 0–0Draw
  32. Friendly · Vonovia RuhrstadionHvs.TurkeyMatch report: South Korea vs. Turkey 0–0Draw
  33. Friendly · Estadio Municipal CartagonovaHvs.FinlandMatch report: South Korea vs. Finland 2–0Win
  34. Gold Cup 2002 · Group B · Rose BowlHvs.CubaMatch report: South Korea vs. Cuba 0–0Draw
  35. Gold Cup 2002 · Group B · Rose BowlAvs.USAMatch report: USA vs. South Korea 2–1Defeat
  36. Friendly · Jeju World Cup StadiumHvs.USAOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. USA 1–0Win
  37. Friendly · Gwangju World Cup StadiumHvs.CroatiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Croatia 1–1Draw
  38. Confederations Cup 2001 · Group A · Ulsan Munsu Football StadiumHvs.MexicoOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Mexico 2–1Win
  39. Confederations Cup 2001 · Group A · Daegu StadiumHvs.FranceMatch report: South Korea vs. France 0–5Defeat
  40. Friendly · Suwon World Cup StadiumHvs.CameroonMatch report: South Korea vs. Cameroon 0–0Draw
  41. Friendly · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumAvs.United Arab EmiratesOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: United Arab Emirates vs. South Korea 1–4Win
  42. Friendly · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumAvs.MoroccoOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Morocco vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  43. Friendly · Hong Kong StadiumHvs.ParaguayMatch report: South Korea vs. Paraguay 1–16–5 pensWin
  44. Friendly · Hong Kong StadiumAvs.NorwayMatch report: Norway vs. South Korea 3–2Defeat
  45. Friendly · Japan National StadiumAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  46. Asian Cup 2000 · Third-place match · Camille Chamoun Sports City StadiumAvs.ChinaMatch report: China vs. South Korea 0–1Win
  47. Asian Cup 2000 · Semi-final · Camille Chamoun Sports City StadiumHvs.Saudi ArabiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Saudi Arabia 1–2Defeat
  48. Asian Cup 2000 · Group B · Camille Chamoun Sports City StadiumHvs.IndonesiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Indonesia 3–0Win
  49. Asian Cup 2000 · Group B · Rashid Karami StadiumHvs.KuwaitMatch report: South Korea vs. Kuwait 0–1Defeat
  50. Asian Cup 2000 · Group B · Rashid Karami StadiumHvs.ChinaOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: South Korea vs. China 2–2Draw
  51. Friendly · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumHvs.AustraliaMatch report: South Korea vs. Australia 4–2Win
  52. Friendly · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumAvs.United Arab EmiratesMatch report: United Arab Emirates vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  53. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.JapanMatch report: South Korea vs. Japan 1–0Win
  54. Gold Cup 2000 · Group D · Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumHvs.Costa RicaMatch report: South Korea vs. Costa Rica 2–2Draw
  55. Gold Cup 2000 · Group D · Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumAvs.CanadaMatch report: Canada vs. South Korea 0–0Draw
  56. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.BelgiumMatch report: South Korea vs. Belgium 1–2Defeat
  57. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.BrazilMatch report: South Korea vs. Brazil 1–0Win
  58. Asian Games 1998 · Quarter-final · Rajamangala StadiumAvs.ThailandOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Thailand vs. South Korea 2–1a.e.t.Defeat
  59. Asian Games 1998 · Group 2 · Rajamangala StadiumHvs.KuwaitMatch report: South Korea vs. Kuwait 1–0Win
  60. Asian Games 1998 · Group 2 · Rajamangala StadiumAvs.United Arab EmiratesOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: United Arab Emirates vs. South Korea 1–2Win
  61. Asian Games 1998 · Group 2 · Rajamangala StadiumAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 0–2Win
  62. Asian Games 1998 · Group A · Nakhon Sawan Province StadiumAvs.VietnamMatch report: Vietnam vs. South Korea 0–4Win
  63. Asian Games 1998 · Group A · Nakhon Sawan Province StadiumHvs.TurkmenistanMatch report: South Korea vs. Turkmenistan 2–3Defeat
  64. World Cup 1998 · Group E · Parc des PrincesAvs.BelgiumOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Belgium vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  65. World Cup 1998 · Group E · Stade VélodromeAvs.NetherlandsMatch report: Netherlands vs. South Korea 5–0Defeat
  66. World Cup 1998 · Group E · Stade de GerlandHvs.MexicoMatch report: South Korea vs. Mexico 1–3Defeat
  67. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.ChinaMatch report: South Korea vs. China 1–1Draw
  68. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.Czech RepublicMatch report: South Korea vs. Czech Republic 2–2Draw
  69. Friendly · Dongdaemun StadiumHvs.JamaicaMatch report: South Korea vs. Jamaica 0–0Draw
  70. Friendly · SeoulHvs.JamaicaMatch report: South Korea vs. Jamaica 2–1Win
  71. Friendly · Stadion Rajko MitićAvs.YugoslaviaMatch report: Yugoslavia vs. South Korea 3–1Defeat
  72. Friendly · Nacionalna Arena Toše ProeskiAvs.MacedoniaMatch report: Macedonia vs. South Korea 2–2Draw
  73. Friendly · Tehelné poleAvs.SlovakiaMatch report: Slovakia vs. South Korea 0–0Draw
  74. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.JapanMatch report: South Korea vs. Japan 2–1Win
  75. Friendly · International Stadium YokohamaHvs.ChinaMatch report: South Korea vs. China 2–1Win
  76. Friendly · International Stadium YokohamaAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 2–1Defeat
  77. Friendly · Sydney Football StadiumAvs.AustraliaMatch report: Australia vs. South Korea 1–0Defeat
  78. Friendly · Mount Smart StadiumAvs.New ZealandMatch report: New Zealand vs. South Korea 0–1Win
  79. Friendly · Suphachalasai StadiumHvs.EgyptMatch report: South Korea vs. Egypt 1–15–4 pensWin
  80. Friendly · Rajamangala StadiumAvs.ThailandMatch report: Thailand vs. South Korea 0–2Win
  81. Friendly · Suphachalasai StadiumHvs.EgyptMatch report: South Korea vs. Egypt 2–0Win
  82. Friendly · Rajamangala StadiumHvs.DenmarkMatch report: South Korea vs. Denmark 1–2Defeat
  83. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Zayed Sports CityAvs.United Arab EmiratesMatch report: United Arab Emirates vs. South Korea 1–3Win
  84. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.JapanMatch report: South Korea vs. Japan 0–2Defeat
  85. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Pakhtakor Markaziy StadiumAvs.UzbekistanOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Uzbekistan vs. South Korea 1–5Win
  86. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Ortaliq StadionAvs.KazakhstanMatch report: Kazakhstan vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  87. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Seoul World Cup StadiumHvs.United Arab EmiratesOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. United Arab Emirates 3–0Win
  88. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Japan National StadiumAvs.JapanOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 1–2Win
  89. World Cup 1998 · Group B · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.UzbekistanMatch report: South Korea vs. Uzbekistan 2–1Win
  90. Friendly · Daegu Civic StadiumHvs.TajikistanOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Tajikistan 4–1Win
  91. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.BrazilMatch report: South Korea vs. Brazil 1–2Defeat
  92. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.YugoslaviaMatch report: South Korea vs. Yugoslavia 1–1Draw
  93. Friendly · Suwon Sports ComplexHvs.GhanaMatch report: South Korea vs. Ghana 3–0Win
  94. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.EgyptOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Egypt 3–1Win
  95. World Cup 1998 · Group 6 · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.ThailandMatch report: South Korea vs. Thailand 0–0Draw
  96. World Cup 1998 · Group 6 · Daejeon Hanbat StadiumHvs.Hong KongOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. Hong Kong 4–0Win
  97. Friendly · Japan National StadiumAvs.JapanOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 1–1Draw
  98. Friendly · Workers' StadiumAvs.ChinaMatch report: China vs. South Korea 0–2Win
  99. World Cup 1998 · Group 6 · Suphachalasai StadiumAvs.ThailandMatch report: Thailand vs. South Korea 1–3Win
  100. World Cup 1998 · Group 6 · Hong Kong StadiumAvs.Hong KongMatch report: Hong Kong vs. South Korea 0–2Win
  101. Friendly · Sydney Football StadiumHvs.New ZealandOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: South Korea vs. New Zealand 3–1Win
  102. Friendly · Suncorp StadiumAvs.AustraliaMatch report: Australia vs. South Korea 2–1Defeat
  103. Friendly · Lakeside StadiumHvs.NorwayMatch report: South Korea vs. Norway 1–0Win
  104. Asian Cup 1996 · Quarter-final · Maktoum Bin Rashid Al Maktoum StadiumHvs.IranMatch report: South Korea vs. Iran 2–6Defeat
  105. Asian Cup 1996 · Group A · Zayed Sports CityAvs.KuwaitMatch report: Kuwait vs. South Korea 2–0Defeat
  106. Asian Cup 1996 · Group A · Zayed Sports CityHvs.IndonesiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Indonesia 4–2Win
  107. Friendly · Tianhe StadiumAvs.ChinaOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: China vs. South Korea 2–3Win
  108. Friendly · Bloomfield StadiumAvs.IsraelOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Israel vs. South Korea 4–5Win
  109. Friendly · Seoul Olympic StadiumHvs.Saudi ArabiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Saudi Arabia 1–1Draw
  110. Friendly · Suwon Sports ComplexHvs.BrazilMatch report: South Korea vs. Brazil 0–1Defeat
  111. Friendly · Dongdaemun StadiumHvs.ZambiaMatch report: South Korea vs. Zambia 2–3Defeat
  112. Friendly · Suwon Sports ComplexHvs.Costa RicaOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: South Korea vs. Costa Rica 1–0Win
  113. Friendly · Hong KongAvs.JapanMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 2–23–5 pensDefeat
  114. Friendly · Hong KongHvs.JapanMatch report: South Korea vs. Japan 1–1Draw
  115. Friendly · Hong KongAvs.ChinaMatch report: China vs. South Korea 0–0Draw
  116. Friendly · Hong Kong StadiumAvs.YugoslaviaMatch report: Yugoslavia vs. South Korea 1–0Defeat
  117. Asian Games 1994 · Third-place match · Hiroshima Regional Park First FieldAvs.KuwaitMatch report: Kuwait vs. South Korea 2–1Defeat
  118. Asian Games 1994 · Semi-final · Hiroshima Regional Park First FieldAvs.UzbekistanMatch report: Uzbekistan vs. South Korea 1–0Defeat
  119. Asian Games 1994 · Quarter-final · Coca-Cola West Hiroshima StadiumAvs.JapanOwn contribution: 1 goalMatch report: Japan vs. South Korea 2–3Win
  120. Asian Games 1994 · Group C · Miyoshi Athletic StadiumAvs.KuwaitMatch report: Kuwait vs. South Korea 1–0Defeat
  121. Asian Games 1994 · Group C · Hiroshima Regional Park First FieldHvs.OmanOwn contribution: Yellow cardMatch report: South Korea vs. Oman 2–1Win
  122. Asian Games 1994 · Group C · Bingo Athletic StadiumHvs.NepalMatch report: South Korea vs. Nepal 11–0Win
  123. Friendly · Dongdaemun StadiumHvs.United Arab EmiratesMatch report: South Korea vs. United Arab Emirates 0–0Draw
  124. Friendly · Dongdaemun StadiumHvs.UkraineMatch report: South Korea vs. Ukraine 2–0Win
  125. Friendly · Gangneung StadiumHvs.UkraineMatch report: South Korea vs. Ukraine 1–0Win
Show all 125 matchesShow the latest matches only

Results over time

11 Sept 1994 · Win13 Sept 1994 · Win19 Sept 1994 · Draw1 Oct 1994 · Win5 Oct 1994 · Win7 Oct 1994 · Defeat11 Oct 1994 · Win13 Oct 1994 · Defeat15 Oct 1994 · Defeat4 Feb 1995 · Defeat19 Feb 1995 · Draw21 Feb 1995 · Draw26 Feb 1995 · Defeat5 Jun 1995 · Win10 Jun 1995 · Defeat12 Aug 1995 · Defeat31 Oct 1995 · Draw30 Apr 1996 · Win26 Nov 1996 · Win7 Dec 1996 · Win10 Dec 1996 · Defeat16 Dec 1996 · Defeat18 Jan 1997 · Win22 Jan 1997 · Defeat25 Jan 1997 · Win22 Feb 1997 · Win2 Mar 1997 · Win23 Apr 1997 · Win21 May 1997 · Draw28 May 1997 · Win1 Jun 1997 · Draw12 Jun 1997 · Win14 Jun 1997 · Win16 Jun 1997 · Draw10 Aug 1997 · Defeat24 Aug 1997 · Win12 Sept 1997 · Win28 Sept 1997 · Win4 Oct 1997 · Win11 Oct 1997 · Draw18 Oct 1997 · Win1 Nov 1997 · Defeat9 Nov 1997 · Win25 Jan 1998 · Defeat27 Jan 1998 · Win29 Jan 1998 · Win31 Jan 1998 · Win7 Feb 1998 · Win11 Feb 1998 · Defeat1 Mar 1998 · Defeat4 Mar 1998 · Win1 Apr 1998 · Win15 Apr 1998 · Draw18 Apr 1998 · Draw22 Apr 1998 · Defeat16 May 1998 · Win19 May 1998 · Draw27 May 1998 · Draw4 Jun 1998 · Draw13 Jun 1998 · Defeat20 Jun 1998 · Defeat25 Jun 1998 · Draw2 Dec 1998 · Defeat4 Dec 1998 · Win7 Dec 1998 · Win9 Dec 1998 · Win11 Dec 1998 · Win14 Dec 1998 · Defeat28 Mar 1999 · Win5 Jun 1999 · Defeat15 Feb 2000 · Draw17 Feb 2000 · Draw26 Apr 2000 · Win4 Oct 2000 · Draw7 Oct 2000 · Win13 Oct 2000 · Draw16 Oct 2000 · Defeat19 Oct 2000 · Win26 Oct 2000 · Defeat29 Oct 2000 · Win20 Dec 2000 · Draw24 Jan 2001 · Defeat27 Jan 2001 · Win8 Feb 2001 · Draw11 Feb 2001 · Win25 May 2001 · Draw30 May 2001 · Defeat1 Jun 2001 · Win13 Nov 2001 · Draw9 Dec 2001 · Win18 Jan 2002 · Defeat22 Jan 2002 · Draw20 Mar 2002 · Win26 Mar 2002 · Draw27 Apr 2002 · Draw16 May 2002 · Win21 May 2002 · Draw26 May 2002 · Defeat4 Jun 2002 · Win10 Jun 2002 · Draw14 Jun 2002 · Win18 Jun 2002 · Win22 Jun 2002 · Win25 Jun 2002 · Defeat29 Jun 2002 · Defeat20 Nov 2002 · Defeat29 Mar 2003 · Draw16 Apr 2003 · Defeat31 May 2003 · Win8 Jun 2003 · Defeat11 Jun 2003 · Defeat18 Nov 2003 · Defeat4 Dec 2003 · Win7 Dec 2003 · Win10 Dec 2003 · Draw28 Apr 2004 · Draw5 Jun 2004 · Win9 Jun 2004 · Win13 Oct 2004 · Draw17 Nov 2004 · Win4 Feb 2005 · Defeat20 Mar 2005 · Win23 Mar 2005 · Defeat30 Mar 2005 · Win3 Jun 2005 · Draw

One mark per match with a known result, oldest on the left.

Most frequent teammates

#PlayerYearsTogetherBoth started
1Myung-Bo Hong1994–20026653
2Tae-Young Kim1997–20046349
3Yong-Soo Choi1995–20035942
4Sung-Yong Choi1995–20034825
5Seok-Ju Ha1994–20014738
6Min-Sung Lee1995–20044735
7Byung-Ji Kim1995–20024539
8Do-Hoon Kim1994–20034524
9Young-Il Choi1994–19984340
10Young-Pyo Lee2000–20054330
11Seon-Hong Hwang1994–20024231
12Woon-Jae Lee2000–20054136
13Jung-Won Seo1994–20013626
14Ki-Hyeon Seol2000–20053521
15Ji-Sung Park2000–20053424
16Jung-Hwan Yoon1995–20023415
17Ki-Hyung Lee1995–20033322
18Jong-Soo Ko1997–20013218
19Jung-Hwan Ahn1997–20053217
20Jeong-Woon Ko1994–19972925

Counted from the line-ups and substitutions of his 122 FIFA matches. Players with an unknown position in the line-up count as starters.

Most frequent opponents

#OpponentYearsMatchesWDLGoals
1Japan1994–2003146442
2China1995–200395401
3United Arab Emirates1994–200164203
4Uzbekistan1994–200553111
5Kuwait1994–200051040
6Egypt1997–200543011
7Thailand1997–199842111
8Brazil1995–200241030
9Turkey2002–200431111
10Hong Kong1997–200333001
11USA2001–200231111
12Saudi Arabia1995–200530120
13Australia1997–200031020
14Mexico1998–200121011
15Belgium1998–199920111

FIFA matches against the team. Won / drawn / lost only where the result is known; a penalty shoot-out decides.